{"id":31910,"date":"2016-12-14T14:36:40","date_gmt":"2016-12-14T13:36:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bmhavocats.com\/2016\/12\/14\/construction-when-bim-takes-off-construction-law-and-the-digital-transition\/"},"modified":"2026-06-30T12:37:48","modified_gmt":"2026-06-30T10:37:48","slug":"construction-when-bim-takes-off-construction-law-and-the-digital-transition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bmhavocats.com\/en\/2016\/12\/14\/construction-when-bim-takes-off-construction-law-and-the-digital-transition\/","title":{"rendered":"[CONSTRUCTION] When BIM Takes Off: Construction Law and the Digital Transition"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

BIM?<\/strong><\/h4>\n

BIM\u2014short for Building Information Modeling<\/em> \u2014is gradually becoming an essential component of large-scale construction projects. It is a tool for electronically modeling building data that integrates all stages of a project, from design through construction to the building\u2019s subsequent operation. It is not merely a computer tool, but a new method of planning.
\nIn practical terms, it is a standardized technical database (IFC format) shared among all project stakeholders. These stakeholders update this shared database in real time, from the earliest stages of planning through to the operation and maintenance phase of the structure. This database contains all the components of the building, including their physical, technical, and functional characteristics, as well as the relationships between all these components.
\n “It goes beyond simply modeling a building as a 3D visualization. It allows professionals to define with great precision the technical scope of their project, the type of structure to be analyzed, and the exact location of the work to be performed (cutout), as well as to identify certain issues before the project begins. This is made possible by the data exchange inherent in the operation of the digital model\u2014the collaborative process 1″<\/sup> <\/em>
\nThus, by combining the project\u2019s technical data with information on timelines and costs, BIM makes it possible to create a five-dimensional digital model of the structure.<\/p>\n

A European Development<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Several of our European neighbors have already chosen to mandate this planning method for certain types of construction, including the United Kingdom, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, and the Netherlands. For example, in the United Kingdom, all public buildings have been required to be delivered using BIM since this year. Since 2011, the Netherlands has required the use of BIM for public contracts with a value exceeding 10 million euros.
\nThe BIM revolution is also underway in Germany, where the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure has been accelerating its efforts since early 2016 and has implemented athree-step<\/sup> action plan\u00b2 aimed at making BIM use mandatory for infrastructure projects by 2020. The second phase of this plan\u2014known as the pilot phase\u2014is scheduled to begin in 2017.
\nIn France, there is also growing interest in BIM. Indeed, spurred by Directive 2014\/24\/EU<\/a>, which mandated the use of such tools, and theDelcambre Report\u00b3<\/sup>, aimed at promoting BIM, the French Ministry of Housing has also encouraged investment in this area.
\nThe BIM pilot phase proved successful, and a decree dated March 25, 2016<\/a>\u2014transposing Directive 2014\/24\u2014confirmed France\u2019s entry into the BIM era, relying more on incentives than on mandates. Thus, starting in 2017, the use of BIM may be required when awarding a public contract, provided that it does not constitute a criterion for discriminating among bidders. <\/p>\n

The Expected Benefits<\/strong><\/h5>\n

According to information provided by the Ministry of Housing and Sustainable Habitat on the website dedicated to the Digital Transition Plan for the Construction Industry (PTNB)\u2074<\/sup>, construction project durations would be shortened by 7%, budget overruns reduced by 40%, and the margin of error reduced by 3%. Thus, the use of BIM would save, on average, up to 10% of the contract value. <\/p>\n

BOOM? The Legal Aspects of Using BIM <\/strong><\/h4>\n

The use of this new planning method will inevitably have implications for construction law and its traditional contractual frameworks due to the collaborative nature of the planning and execution of construction projects.
\nConsequently, a \u201cBIM Manager\u201d is emerging, responsible for coordinating among the various BIM users and ensuring data security. The scope, legal nature of their role, and the responsibilities incumbent upon them must be clearly defined.
\nFurthermore, the use of BIM for a construction project also requires the establishment of common rules for the collaborative use of the tool by all parties.
\nIn this regard, the British model is often cited, which provides for the creation of multi-party agreements in which the role of each stakeholder is defined and each party commits to complying with the terms of use for the digital model. Will these multi-party agreements replace traditional bilateral contracts, or will industry stakeholders opt for a layered approach to agreements?
\nThe issue of responsibilities seems paramount: All stakeholders contribute to the model in real time. This is an evolving process that allows each stakeholder to modify the design at any stage of the process. Under these conditions, how can we reconcile potential changes to the project\u2019s design and the potential blurring of boundaries between the parties responsible for design, on the one hand, and the contractors carrying out the work, on the other, given the presumptions of legal liability set forth in Articles 1792<\/a> and following of the Civil Code? What about the BIM Manager\u2019s liability? What liability applies to errors in data entry and use of the model? These are all questions to which contractual practice will need to provide answers.
\nAnother legal area affected by the BIM revolution is intellectual property. Since BIM, by its very nature, establishes a collaborative system, how can one protect the copyrights associated with the resulting project (or the creator of the model)? Furthermore, the database can be modified by all stakeholders, and it may prove difficult to determine the authorship of specific data. What about the protection afforded by positive law if the data constitutes works within the meaning of design law or patentable works?
\nWhile no court decision appears to have been issued on this matter yet, it is undoubtedly only a matter of time before the issues raised here are addressed in court. It remains to be seen, however, how legal practice will resolve these contractual issues. <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Christophe Gronen<\/a> and Mathilde Poncelet<\/p>\n

\n

1<\/sup> http:\/\/www.batiment-numerique.fr\/PTNB\/notre-organisation.htm<\/a>
\n2<\/sup> https:\/\/www.bmvi.de\/SharedDocs\/DE\/Publikationen\/DG\/stufenplan-digitales-bauen.pdf?__blob=publicationFile<\/a>
\n3<\/sup> http:\/\/www.actu-environnement.com\/media\/pdf\/news-23398-rapport-mission-numerique-batiment.pdf<\/a>
\n4<\/sup> http:\/\/www.batiment-numerique.fr\/<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”vc_default”][vc_column][vc_btn title=”DOWNLOAD THE ARTICLE” style=”outline-custom” outline_custom_color=”#092b63″ outline_custom_hover_background=”#E7E6E6″ outline_custom_hover_text=”#092b63″ shape=”square” size=”lg” align=”left” css=”” link=”url:http%3A%2F%2Fbmhavocats.com%2Fassets%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F06%2FV-FR-Quand-le-BIM-fait-boum-Droit-de-la-construction-et-transition-numer….pdf|target:%20_blank|”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] BIM? BIM\u2014short for Building Information Modeling \u2014is gradually becoming an essential component of large-scale construction projects. It is a tool for electronically modeling building data that integrates all stages of a project, from design through construction to the building\u2019s subsequent operation. It is not merely a computer tool, but a new method of planning. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":31728,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[969,964],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article","category-less-is-more"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n[CONSTRUCTION] When BIM Takes Off: Construction Law and the Digital Transition - BMH Avocats<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"BIM\u2014short for Building Information Modeling\u2014is gradually becoming an essential part of large-scale construction projects...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bmhavocats.com\/en\/2016\/12\/14\/construction-when-bim-takes-off-construction-law-and-the-digital-transition\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"[CONSTRUCTION] When BIM Takes Off: Construction Law and the Digital Transition - 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